Abstract: The mechanical mining disturbance of coal rock changes the original stable state of the original rock. The stress concentration in the process of rock slope self adjustment is very easy to cause rock burst and bring great threat to mine safety production. This paper takes a coal mine project as an example, on the basis of laboratory routine test, the impact tendency of coal seam is determined. From the viewpoint of energy conversion, the equilibrium relation of work and energy increment is established the system of coal and rock fold catastrophe model of rock burst, and criteria for predicting rock burst occurrence are derived. The result shows that the coal mine has strong rock burst tendency, and when coal and rock system parameters K<1, rock burst will occur. Combined with the actual situation of the coal mine, measures for preventing rock burst are put forward.